Uko icyifuzo cyo kurinda izuba neza gikomeje kwiyongera, inganda z’ubwiza zabonye impinduka zikomeye mu bintu bikoreshwa mu kwisiga izuba hakoreshejwe imiti. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma urugendo rw’iterambere ry’ibintu bikoreshwa mu kwisiga izuba hakoreshejwe imiti, igaragaza ingaruka zihinduka ku bicuruzwa bigezweho birinda izuba.
Ubushakashatsi bwa mbere ku bintu bikomoka ku bimera:
Mu ntangiriro z’imiti igabanya ubushyuhe bw’izuba, ibintu karemano nk’ibimera, imyunyu ngugu n’amavuta byakunze gukoreshwa mu kurinda izuba mu buryo buke. Nubwo ibi bintu byatangaga urugero runaka rwo gukumira imirasire ya UV, ubushobozi bwabyo bwari buke kandi nta ngaruka byifuzwaga zirambye.
Intangiriro y'ibice by'imashini bitunganya utuntu duto (Organic filters):
Iterambere mu miti irinda izuba ryaturutse ku ishyirwaho rya filters za organic, zizwi kandi nka UV absorbers. Hagati mu kinyejana cya 20, abahanga mu bya siyansi batangiye gushakisha ibintu bya organic bishobora kwinjiza imirasire ya UV. Benzyl salicylate yabaye iya mbere muri uru rwego, itanga uburinzi buringaniye bwa UV. Ariko, hari hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwiyongereyeho kugira ngo inoze imikorere yayo.
Iterambere mu kurinda UVB:
Ivumburwa rya aside para-aminobenzoic (PABA) mu myaka ya 1940 ryagaragaje intambwe ikomeye mu kurinda izuba. PABA yabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu miti irinda izuba, yinjiza neza imirasire ya UVB itera ubushyuhe bw'izuba. Nubwo yari ifite akamaro, PABA yari ifite imbogamizi, nko kubabara uruhu no kugira allergie, bigatuma hakenerwa ibindi bintu.
Uburinzi bwa Broad-Spectrum:
Uko ubumenyi bwa siyansi bwagendaga burushaho kwiyongera, hibandwaga ku gukora ibintu bishobora kurinda imirasire ya UVB na UVA. Mu myaka ya 1980, avobenzone yagaragaye nk'akayunguruzo ka UVA gakora neza, kakuzuza uburinzi bwa UVB bwari busanzweho butangwa n'imiti irinda izuba ishingiye kuri PABA. Ariko, kugumana kwa avobenzone mu gihe cy'izuba byari ikibazo, bituma habaho udushya twinshi.
Guhagarara neza kw'ifoto no kunoza uburinzi bwa UVA:
Kugira ngo hakemurwe ikibazo cyo kudahinduka kw'imiti ya UVA ya mbere, abashakashatsi bibanze ku kunoza ubushobozi bwo gufotora no kurinda imiterere migari y'imirasire y'urumuri. Ibikoresho nka octocrylene na bemotrizinol byakozwe, bitanga ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza no kurinda UVA neza. Iri terambere ryazamuye cyane imikorere n'ubwiza bw'imiti irinda izuba.
Akayunguruzo ka UVA k’umwimerere:
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ibyuma biyungurura UVA byamenyekanye cyane bitewe n’uburinzi bwabyo budasanzwe bwa UVA no kunoza ubusugire bwabyo. Ibikoresho nka Mexoryl SX, Mexoryl XL, na Tinosorb S byahinduye imiterere y’imiti irinda izuba, bitanga uburinzi bwiza bwa UVA. Ibi bintu byabaye ingenzi mu miterere ya none yo kurinda izuba.
Uburyo bushya bwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri:
Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ibikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho, uburyo bushya bwo gukora ibikoresho byagize uruhare runini mu kunoza imikorere y'imiti irinda izuba. Ikoranabuhanga rya nanotechnology ryatanze inzira yo gutuma ibice bya mikoroni bitwikirwa mu buryo bugaragara kandi bunoze mu kwinjiza imirasire ya UV. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gufunga ibikoresho ryanakoreshejwe mu kunoza uburyo ibintu bihagaze neza no kunoza uburyo bitangwa, bigatuma birushaho gukora neza.
Ibisabwa mu mabwiriza:
Bitewe n’uko ibintu bivangwa n’isuku y’izuba bigenda birushaho kwiyongera, inzego zishinzwe kugenzura zashyizeho amabwiriza n’amabwiriza. Ibikoresho nka oxybenzone na octinoxate, bizwiho ingaruka zishobora kugira ku bidukikije, byatumye inganda zishyiraho ubundi buryo, zishyira imbere umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije.
Umwanzuro:
Iterambere ry’ibintu bigize imiti irinda izuba ryahinduye uburyo bwo kurinda izuba mu nganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga. Kuva ku byuma bishya bya kera bikoresha umwimerere kugeza ku iterambere ry’uburyo bwo kurinda izuba bwa UVA n’uburyo bushya bwo gukora, uru rwego rwateye intambwe igaragara. Ubushakashatsi n’iterambere bizakomeza bigamije guhanga ibikoresho birinda izuba byatekanye, bikora neza kandi bitangiza ibidukikije, bigamije kurinda izuba neza ku baguzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-20-2024